SUMMARY: Fighting between Turkey and Syria in Idlib has driven hundreds of thousands of refugees toward Syria’s border with Turkey. What obligation does NATO have to help member nation Turkey handle the ensuing humanitarian crisis? Nick Schifrin talks to Ben Wallace, the United Kingdom’s secretary of defense, about that, Chinese telecommunications giant Huawei, and the U.S.-Taliban deal in Afghanistan.
SUMMARY: In northwest Syria, Idlib province -- the final stronghold of opponents of the Assad regime -- is under relentless attack, and a source of tension between Syria and Turkey. Land liberated by the U.S. and its Kurdish allies in northeast Syria [Ar Raqqah] faces a very different situation. Nick Schifrin talks to Gayle Tzemach Lemmon of the Council on Foreign Relations, and Hassan Hassan of the Center for Global Policy.
SUMMARY: Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu slammed the United States’ Syria strategy and Middle East peace plan, saying Wednesday that one was underdeveloped and the other might not exist.
“It seems that there is no clear strategy yet” by the U.S. to dial back its military presence in Syria, Cavusoglu said in an interview with PBS NewsHour anchor and managing editor Judy Woodruff.
Cavusoglu said Turkey was getting different signals from President Donald Trump and other U.S. departments, including the military. Trump tweeted last December that the United States was withdrawing all of its troops from Syria, but since then he has gradually dialed back that declaration and committed to keeping a residual force in the country.
Turkey’s foreign minister also said he doubted the existence of a U.S. peace plan for Israel and the Palestinians — an effort that Trump’s son-in-law and White House adviser Jared Kushner has been leading for the U.S.. “Until today, there is no peace plan,” Cavusoglu said. “We are not sure whether there will be.”
He added that Trump’s decision to move the U.S. embassy in Israel from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem showed the President’s bias towards Israel. Trump’s recent policy change recognizing Israel’s sovereignty over the Golan Heights, which Israel seized from Syria during the Six-Day war in 1967, was another decision that “everybody has been concerned about,” Cavusoglu said.
“Everybody believes the U.S. is no longer a balanced or objective” leader on the world stage, he said.
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| Wanted Dead or Alive War Criminal Bashar al-Assad |
SUMMARY: Syrian teen Omar Alshogre was arrested and jailed for participating in a protest. He survived three years of torture in a compound referred to as “the university of whispers” because its prisoners were forbidden to speak. After fleeing to Turkey and then Sweden, Alshogre is finally able to share his story of the Assad regime's brutal crimes. Special correspondent Malcolm Brabant reports.
SUMMARY: In Syria, U.S.-backed Kurdish forces are retaking the final territory of the Islamic State. As the caliphate dissolves, however, what will happen to the 40,000 foreign fighters who joined the terror group’s ranks over the past few years? Many of them have been detained, but the path for prosecuting them, and preventing them from driving an ISIS resurgence, remains unclear. Nick Schifrin reports.
SUMMARY: ISIS claimed responsibility for a deadly attack in northern Syria's Manbij that killed four Americans, countering the Trump administration's assessment that the terrorist group had been defeated. While Vice President Pence repeated that the U.S. is now able to "hand off" that fight to allies, other officials expressed concern that withdrawal plans have enlivened the enemy. Nick Schifrin reports.
SUMMARY: Syndicated columnist Mark Shields and Washington Post columnist Michael Gerson join Judy Woodruff to analyze the week’s political news, including the resignation of Defense Secretary Jim Mattis and the congressional scramble to fund the government and avoid a partial shutdown.
Judy Woodruff (NewsHour): The White House and Congress may have clinched that new criminal justice law this week, but, this evening, they are on the brink of a partial government shutdown, even as they continue to process the resignation of the secretary of defense.
Here to analyze this week of upheaval are Shields and Gerson. That's syndicated columnist Mark Shields and Washington Post columnist Michael Gerson. David Brooks is away.
Hello to both of you.
Mark Shields, syndicated columnist: Judy.
Judy Woodruff: So, I don't think, Mark, you could call it an orderly week in Washington. Yes, there was this agreement the President signed, the criminal justice reform bill today, but here we are, just hours away from yet another government shutdown.
What does it say about the way things are working right now in our government?
Mark Shields: Well, not well, Judy.
I mean, we went from a week ago, if you recall, in the White House, which seems eons ago, when Senator Schumer and Democratic House leader and speaker-to-be Pelosi met with the President, and the President manfully stepped up and said, I will take the shutdown, and I will be happy to do it on my — put it to me.
Then to an agreement with the Senate it would stay — they would fund it through the year, and then come back and revisit it, and then immediately a reaction, a revulsion, if you would, from the President's longest and strongest supporters, TV commentators on the right such as Rush Limbaugh, Ann Coulter, and said that this was a sellout on the wall, Ann Coulter going so far as to say his presidency was a joke, and that he had scammed the American people.
So now we have to have funding for the wall, or else. And so that's really where it is. I mean, it's loggerheads, wherever loggerheads are found. I think they're somewhere outside of Bozeman, Montana.
(LAUGHTER)
Mark Shields: But, no, that's where it is.
Judy Woodruff: Michael, so the President is pointing a finger at the Democrats. The Democrats are saying, wait a minute, you're the one who said a few days ago you would be proud to own this shutdown.
So where does the fault lie?
Michael Gerson, Washington Post: Well, big picture, this shows how easy the President of the United States is to manipulate.
He had agreed to a deal. Then some of his toughest supporters, Limbaugh and Coulter and some of the team in the FOX News morning programs, came out against it, and he changed his view like a puppet on a string. It was really extraordinary, a sign of weak leadership.
And I can bet you that Russia and China and North Korea look at something like that, about how easy this President is to manipulate. So, that's the context for this.
You know, so I don't think that he can make a particularly good case, having agreed already to something rather reasonable, you know, that he changed his view with good reason. He can't make that case.
Judy Woodruff: And we heard Senator Rubio saying they were told at the White House a few days ago by the vice President that they had agreed, that they were…
Mark Shields: At the luncheon, at the luncheon of the senators.
Judy Woodruff: That's right.
Mark Shields: That's right. Yes.
Judy Woodruff: So, Mark, where is this — is there any good outcome from this? I mean, they're still negotiating. We don't know — at this hour.
(CROSSTALK)
Mark Shields: They're still negotiating, Judy. And I don't know.
I think there may be some political necessity right now for it to be shut down for a while. The President — I don't know. But it's tough. I mean, the people are leaving town, have left town.
And, you know, the week was — the trauma of the week was Secretary Mattis, and there's no question about it. That was the monumental event.
And I would say that there was alarm after the President's appearance at Helsinki with Mr. Putin. I think there was alarm after the firing of FBI Director Comey.
But there was panic, bipartisan, nonpartisan panic, in this city, and I think in the country and in the world, when Jim Mattis, General Jim Mattis, left as Secretary of Defense.
I mean, he was seen, and I think rightfully so, as the thoughtful, well-read, well-prepared, country-before-self leader who believed in reciprocal burdens and benefits to the United States with other countries, and was fighting that cause, and had some influence on Donald Trump, but left on his own terms.
Judy Woodruff: And we talked about this earlier in the program with some of our other guests, Leon Panetta, Richard Haass, Senator Rubio, Michael.
But what does this say about this President, that, at this stage, two years in, he and James Mattis are separating?
Michael Gerson: I talked with a non-histrionic member of — Republican member of the Senate today, who said twice in the course of our conversation: "We are in peril. We are in peril."
Now, some of the reason is because all of our allies did rely on him to provide the intel, is the President serious about his latest attacks on us or not?
And he was — he assured our allies. But he played another role among Republicans in the Senate, was to provide some level of assurance that the most basic purposes of government were being fulfilled. They could say, I don't like his tweets, and his policy is absurd, and he changes his mind on this, and I'm critical of all this, but at least he has Mattis in that place.
And now they have lost "but at least." And that, I think, is the big change. You know, you look at his resignation letter, which coldly and rationally said to the President, you do not understand our friends, and you do not understand our enemies.
And that's about it, right?
(LAUGHTER)
Michael Gerson: I mean, there's no one else to understand. It was a comprehensive critique of the President by the Secretary of Defense, you know, not an angry one, but a very serious one.
And to leave that as a document of our time is, you know, unprecedented, extraordinary.
Judy Woodruff: I think back, Mark, to the anonymous person who wrote that letter to The New York Times that: I'm inside this administration. I'm fighting for the things that matter to this country.
But where is the check? I put this question to Senator Rubio and the others. Where is the check on the President, for those who think that things have just — are going to run amok now?
Mark Shields: Not to be partisan, but I think it's Republicans, the kind of people that Michael was talking to today, that I have talked to, who basically have been mute, who stand paralyzed by the Mark Sanford experience, namely, the former governor and then congressman from South Carolina, who President Trump — who alienated President Trump and who President Trump opposed and defeated in his primary.
And I think they live in — have lived in mortal fear. It's time for them to man up, step up. And I just — I think, Judy, the Mattis thing is so big, that, picking up on what Michael said, most responses in this town to anything that happens are in silos politically. They're politically predictable.
And, on this one, you had almost the same statement from Seneca, South Carolina's, favorite son and Donald Trump's new best friend, Lindsey Graham, Lindsey Graham, a hawk on defense, and Nancy Pelosi, the Democratic leader from the Bay Area of San Francisco, a card-carrying liberal.
And they both said the same thing, that the loss of Jim Mattis was a tragedy for the country and a loss that's incalculable. And so that's what I say about the sense of panic.
Judy Woodruff: And you had the comment, unusual comment from the Senate majority leader, Mitch McConnell, Michael, saying that he was concerned about the reason, just what you were citing, the reasons that Secretary Mattis gave in his letter.
But my question remains, where is the check? If there should be a check, where is it going to come from?
Michael Gerson: Well, unfortunately, Senator Rubio is right. On foreign policy issues, the President has a lot of leeway. They can't force him to stay in Syria.
And part of this concerns not just personnel. It's actually policy. Getting out of Syria is a terrible idea, from many different perspectives. We are in the process of pursuing a buildup to a major operations against ISIS in the Euphrates Valley that now is off the table.
You know, this — it gives the Turks free hand with the Kurds. Those things are also bothering members of Congress. And, you know, they will register their dissent in the debates. There will be debates on the new Secretary of Defense. There will have to be congressional debates on that.
And you — we will see how they react to the broader Mueller report. That will be very, very important. But, you know, there are limits to what you can do on foreign policy, I'm afraid.
Dear Mr. President:
I have been privileged to serve as our country's 26th Secretary of Defense which has allowed me to serve alongside our men and women of the Department in defense of our citizens and our ideals.
I am proud of the progress that has been made over the past two years on some of the key goals articulated in our National Defense Strategy: putting the Department on a more sound budgetary footing, improving readiness and lethality in our forces, and reforming the Department's business practices for greater performance. Our troops continue to provide the capabilities needed to prevail in conflict and sustain strong U.S. global influence.
One core belief I have always held is that our strength as a nation is inextricably linked to the strength of our unique and comprehensive system of alliances and partnerships. While the US remains the indispensable nation in the free world, we cannot protect our interests or serve that role effectively without maintaining strong alliances and showing respect to those allies. Like you, I have said from the beginning that the armed forces of the United States should not be the policeman of the world. Instead, we must use all tools of American power to provide for the common defense, including providing effective leadership to our alliances. NATO's 29 democracies demonstrated that strength in their commitment to fighting alongside us following the 9-11 attack on America. The Defeat-ISIS coalition of 74 nations is further proof.
Similarly, I believe we must be resolute and unambiguous in our approach to those countries whose strategic interests are increasingly in tension with ours. It is clear that China and Russia, for example, want to shape a world consistent with their authoritarian model - gaining veto authority over other nations' economic, diplomatic, and security decisions - to promote their own interests at the expense of their neighbors, America and our allies. That is why we must use all the tools of American power to provide for the common defense.
My views on treating allies with respect and also being clear-eyed about both malign actors and strategic competitors are strongly held and informed by over four decades of immersion in these issues. We must do everything possible to advance an international order that is most conducive to our security, prosperity and values, and we are strengthened in this effort by the solidarity of our alliances.
Because you have the right to have a Secretary of Defense whose views are better aligned with yours on these and other subjects, I believe it is right for me to step down from my position. The end date for my tenure is February 28, 2019, a date that should allow sufficient time for a successor to be nominated and confirmed as well as to make sure the Department's interests are properly articulated and protected at upcoming events to include Congressional posture hearings and the NATO Defense Ministerial meeting in February. Further, that a full transition to a new Secretary of Defense occurs well in advance of the transition of Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in September in order to ensure stability Within the Department.
I pledge my full effort to a smooth transition that ensures the needs and interests of the 2.15 million Service Members and 732,079 DoD civilians receive undistracted attention of the Department at all times so that they can fulfill their critical, round-the-clock mission to protect the American people.
I very much appreciate this opportunity to serve the nation and our men and women in uniform.
SUMMARY: A day after President Trump announced a surprise decision to withdraw U.S. troops from Syria, Secretary of Defense James Mattis submitted his resignation, which will take effect in February. The Wall Street Journal’s Michael Gordon joins Judy Woodruff to discuss why the policy differences between the President and Mattis were “too profound” to allow a sustainable working relationship.
SUMMARY: The resignation of U.S. Secretary of Defense Jim Mattis is putting our nation at risk, two top former defense and national security leaders say.
To lose Mattis “increases the danger in this country,” not only because the retired four-star general brought valuable experience to the role, but also because of his belief in some long-standing tenets of American foreign policy, said Leon Panetta, who served as secretary of defense and CIA director during the Obama administration.
In his resignation letter, Mattis pointed to the fact that he and President Donald Trump could not agree on several foreign policy and national security issues.
Richard Haass, the director of policy planning at the State Department during the George W. Bush administration, said that is in some ways even more concerning than Mattis’ departure itself because it’s not clear whether the President will take the advice of whoever serves as secretary of defense next.
“Even if someone were to espouse [Mattis’ point of view] … this President simply is not going to listen,” said Haass, now the President of the Council on Foreign Relations.
SUMMARY: Sen. Marco Rubio (R-Fla) said President Donald Trump “is abandoning that effort [in Syria] before it is completely finished,” and that it is the job of Congress to attempt to convince him otherwise.
“I think he is about to make a major blunder” by pulling out of Syria, Rubio told the PBS NewsHour anchor and Managing Editor Judy Woodruff.
The President’s announcement this week that U.S. troops would be pulling out from Syria, where it has been aiding forces against Islamic State militants, surprised and outraged members of Congress, including some loyal to the President. Defense Secretary James Mattis on Thursday offered his resignation in a blistering letter about the importance of America’s global alliances — a decision many believe was motivated by the President’s decision on Syria.
Rubio said that what concerned him the most from Mattis’ abrupt departure was what the Defense Secretary wrote in his letter, which seemed to “confirm our fears” about upcoming decisions facing the Trump administration.
“I’m deeply concerned that we’re about to undertake a series of foreign policy decisions that are going to undermine our security, that are going to undermine our alliances and that are going to embolden our adversaries.”
SUMMARY: The resignation of Defense Secretary Jim Mattis reverberated around the world Friday. Although he disagreed with the President repeatedly over major issues, the retired four-star Marine Corps general was widely admired and seen as a stabilizing force within the administration. John Yang has global reaction to the departure of a military legend described as "a partner for all occasions."
SUMMARY: President Trump appears to have ordered an immediate withdrawal of troops from Syria, tweeting that the U.S. had “defeated ISIS” there. But the decision contradicts policy advocated by administration officials and lawmakers. Brookings Institution's Gen. John Allen, and Amherst College's Steve Simon, both of whom worked on Middle Eastern affairs in the Obama administration, discuss with John Yang.
SUMMARY: With support from Russia, Iran and Hezbollah, the Assad regime has managed to consolidate power in most parts of Syria previously held by ISIS. Apart from Friday’s joint missile strikes, the U.S.’s role has been limited to diplomatic talks, which has yielded few results in sustaining ceasefires in the seven-year-long war. The New Yorker’s Robin Wright joins Hari Sreenivasan for more.
SUMMARY: Russian President Putin on Saturday condemned a series of strikes on Syrian targets, calling the military action by the U.S. and its allies "an act of aggression against a sovereign state." Kimberly Marten, director of a program on U.S.-Russia relations at Columbia University's Harriman Institute, joins Hari Sreenivasan for more on Russia's reaction means and what may come next.
SUMMARY: Syrians have continued to flee to neighboring countries and Europe as conflict in their country has intensified, and in Lebanon, nearly one in four people is a Syrian migrant. Meanwhile, pro-Assad leaders have condemned the coordinated strikes on Syria, with Hezbollah calling them an “aggression.” NewsHour Weekend Special Correspondent Jane Ferguson joins Hari Sreenivasan from Beirut for more reaction from the Middle East.
SUMMARY: Syria's alleged use of chemical weapons last week spurred strikes by the U.S. and its allies in the war-torn country this weekend. But what effect did the latest military action have on the country's weapons cache, and will it stop Syria from targeting civilians in opposition-held areas? Douglas Ollivant, senior vice president at Mantid International, joins Hari Sreenivasan to discuss.
SUMMARY: Once a flourishing vacation destination, the population of Scotland's Isle of Bute has shrunk and its economy withered. But the arrival of 24 Syrian families is contributing to an atmosphere of regeneration. Special correspondent Malcolm Brabant reports on how they’re faring.
SUMMARY: What began seven years ago as an uprising against the Assad regime has become a regional proxy war. Now there is talk of another war in the offing, one between Hezbollah and Israel. What would that look like, and how would it differ from the 2006 conflict? Special correspondent Jane Ferguson joins Judy Woodruff to discuss the growing fears, Iran’s influence, and the bombardment of Eastern Ghouta.
SUMMARY: Turkish officials say the air and ground campaign against U.S.-backed Kurdish forces in northwest Syria is a "national security issue" and an effort to protect the country's border, but the U.S. sees the Kurdish militia as a valuable partner in the fight against ISIS. Judy Woodruff talks with Serdar Kilic, Turkey’s ambassador to the U.S., for the Turkish perspective on the conflict in Syria.
SUMMARY: Russian President Vladimir Putin declared the end of Syria’s civil war was in sight as he hosted Iran’s Hassan Rouhani and Turkey’s Recep Tayyip Erdogan at the Sochi Summit, a meeting that didn’t include the U.S. As Syrian opposition members prepare to meet, many wonder, what’s next? Judy Woodruff hears from former State Department official Vali Nasr and Faysal Itani of the Atlantic Council.
SUMMARY: Last year, Bana Alabed sparked a worldwide following for tweeting from Aleppo in Syria while it was under attack amid a years-long civil war. Now, the 8-year-old is authoring a book about surviving and escaping the conflict. NewsHour Weekend Special Correspondent Marcia Biggs talked to Alabed and her mother in Ankara, Turkey, where they are living today.
